Xenon Tetrafluoride (XeF4) — 3D VSEPR Molecular Geometry & Bond Angles

AX2E2 • sp³

Water (H2O)

Two lone pairs on sp³ oxygen compress the H–O–H bond angle from 109.5° down to 104.5°, creating a strong 1.85 D dipole.

AX4 • sp³

Methane (CH4)

Symmetric sp³ tetrahedral coordination around carbon cancels all four C–H bond dipoles identically to zero.

AX3E • sp³

Ammonia (NH3)

One axial lone pair on nitrogen repels the three N–H bonding pairs into a trigonal pyramid with 107.3° bond angles.

AX2 • sp

Carbon Dioxide (CO2)

Two double C=O bonds orient at 180° around sp-hybridized carbon; opposing C→O dipoles cancel completely.

AX3 • sp²

Boron Trifluoride (BF3)

Electron-deficient sp² boron forms an exact 120° trigonal planar geometry; three strong B–F dipoles sum to zero.

AX2E • sp²

Sulfur Dioxide (SO2)

Resonance-stabilized AX2E bent molecule with one sp² lone pair on sulfur, producing a net 1.63 D dipole moment.

AX3 • sp²

Formaldehyde (CH2O)

Trigonal planar sp² carbonyl center where the C=O double bond strongly pulls electron density, creating a 2.33 D dipole.

AX4 • sp³

Chloroform (CHCl3)

Asymmetric tetrahedral substitution (one H and three Cl atoms) breaks symmetry and yields a 1.04 D molecular dipole.

AX5 • sp³d

Phosphorus Pentachloride (PCl5)

Hypervalent sp³d trigonal bipyramid with two axial Cl atoms (180°) and three equatorial Cl atoms (120°).

AX4E • sp³d

Sulfur Tetrafluoride (SF4)

AX4E seesaw geometry: the lone pair occupies an equatorial position to minimize 90° steric repulsions.

AX3E2 • sp³d

Chlorine Trifluoride (ClF3)

AX3E2 T-shaped interhalogen where two equatorial lone pairs bend the axial F–Cl–F bond slightly inward to 87.5°.

AX2E3 • sp³d

Xenon Difluoride (XeF2)

Three equatorial lone pairs in an sp³d trigonal bipyramid leave the two fluorine atoms colinear at 180°.

AX6 • sp³d²

Sulfur Hexafluoride (SF6)

Perfectly octahedral sp³d² dielectric gas with six equidistant S–F bonds at 90° and zero dipole moment.

AX5E • sp³d²

Bromine Pentafluoride (BrF5)

AX5E square pyramidal molecule whose basal fluorine atoms tilt upward away from the lone pair to 84.8°.

AX4E2 • sp³d²

Xenon Tetrafluoride (XeF4)

AX4E2 square planar noble-gas compound with two trans lone pairs at 180° canceling all dipole vectors.

AX2 • sp

Hydrogen Cyanide (HCN)

Linear sp-hybridized molecule featuring a C≡N triple bond and a strong 2.98 D dipole pointing toward nitrogen.

AX3 (×2) • sp²

Ethene (Ethylene) (C2H4)

Rigid C=C π-bond locks all six atoms in a single plane with sp² hybridization and ~120° bond angles.

AX2 (×2) • sp

Ethyne (Acetylene) (C2H2)

Carbon-carbon triple bond (1 σ + 2 π) produces a rigid 180° rod-like linear hydrocarbon.

AX3 (Ring) • sp² (Delocalized π)

Benzene (C6H6)

Six sp² carbons form a regular 1.39 Å hexagon with six delocalized π electrons (Hückel 4n+2 aromaticity).

sp³ Chain + Bent –OH • sp³

Ethanol (C2H5OH)

Two tetrahedral sp³ carbons linked to a polar bent hydroxyl (–OH) group capable of hydrogen bonding.